Influence of Diabetes on Morphometric Index of Ovarian Follicles in Streptozocin-Induced Rats
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31964/mltj.v0i0.359Keywords:
Diabetes, ovarian follicle, streptozotocin, diabetogenic index, shrinkage index.Abstract
The study aimed to determine the effect of diabetes on follicle development by measuring the diameters of rats' ovarian follicles. The structure and function of many organs change by being affected by diabetes. The ovary is an essential organ of the reproductive system affected by diabetes. The size of the ovarian follicles and corpus luteum can also be affected by diabetes. For this reason, body mass, blood glucose level, and rat ovarian follicles, and corpus luteum diameters were measured in this study. Ten healthy female rats were kept as the control group. In the other rat group, experimental diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ)(60 mg/kg). The rats in both groups were killed after 30 days and their ovaries removed. 5-6 µm sections were made using paraffin embedding techniques and stained with hematoxylin-eosin. On the fifth day of STZ administration to rats, the mass loss of rats was 10%, and the diabetogenic index was 330%. Compared with the control group, diameters of diabetic rats significantly decreased the diameter of the primordial, primary and Graafian follicles, and corpus luteum. The decrease in the diameter of secondary follicles of diabetic rats was not significant. The percentage shrinkage index was the highest in the corpus luteum with 37%. As a result, it can be said that diabetes influences the size of the ovarian follicles and especially the corpus luteum, thereby negatively affecting the ability to improve oocyte quality. Diabetes-related follicle diameter may shrink and cause infertility. It may be essential to measure the diameters of the follicles in vitro fertilization studies in patients with diabetes.References
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Dorostghoal M, Mahabadi M K, Adham S (2011). Effects of maternal caffeine consumption on ovarian follicle development in wistar rats offspring. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 12(1): 15–22.
Eissa H M (1996). Concentrations of steroids and biochemical constituents in follicular fluid of buffalo cows during different stages of the oestrous cycle. British Veterinary Journal, 152(5): 573–581.
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Ribeiro M C, Nakamura M U, de Tubino Scanavino M, Torloni M R, Mattar R. (2012). Female sexual function an8d gestational diabetes. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9(3): 786–792.
Richards J S, Fitzpatrick S L, Clemens J W, Morris J K, Alliston T, Sirois J (1995). Ovarian cell differentiation: a cascade of multiple hormones, cellular signals, and regulated genes. Recent Progress in Hormone Research, 50: 223–254.
Rosenfield R L, Ehrmann D A (2016). The pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The hypothesis of PCOS as functional ovarian hyperandrogenism revisited. Endocrine Reviews, 37(5): 467–520.
Sakata N, Yoshimatsu G, Tsuchiya H, Egawa S, Unno M (2012). Animal models of diabetes mellitus for islet transplantation. Experimental Diabetes Research, 2012: 1–11.
Shima H, Naeem E, Hassan M, Hossein N (2011). Aloe vera gel protects ovarian structure in diabetic rat. American-Eurasian Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 3(3): 197-203.
Sighinolfi G, Sunkara S K, La Marca A (2018). New strategies of ovarian stimulation based on the concept of ovarian follicular waves: From conventional to random and double stimulation. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 37(4):489–497.
Songsasen N, Nagashima J (2020). Intraovarian regulation of folliculogenesis in the dog: A review. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. In press. 55(2):66-73.
Stouffer R L, Hennebold J D (2015). Structure, function, and regulation of the Corpus Luteum. Knobil and Neill’s Physiology of Reproduction, 4th Eds; T. Plant & A. Zeleznik, Academic Press, USA, 1023–1076.
Uslu B, Dioguardi C C, Haynes M, Miao D.-Q, Kurus M, Hoffman G, Johnson J (2017). Quantifying growing versus non-growing ovarian follicles in the mouse. Journal of Ovarian Research, 10(1): 1-11.
Wu Z, McGoogan J M (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Journal of the American Medical Association, 24.February.2020, E1-E4.
Asmat U, Abad K, Ismail K (2016). Diabetes mellitus and oxidative stress—A concise review. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 24(5): 547–553.
Bódis J, Sulyok E, Kőszegi T, Gödöny K, Prémusz V, Várnagy Á (2019). Serum and follicular fluid levels of sirtuin 1, sirtuin 6, and resveratrol in women undergoing in vitro fertilization: an observational, clinical study. Journal of International Medical Research, 47(2): 772–782.
Burgos-Morón E, Abad-Jiménez Z, de Marañón A M, Iannantuoni F, Escribano-López I, López-Domènech S, Salom C, Jover A, Mora V, Roldan I, Solá E, Rocha M, Víctor V M (2019). Relationship between oxidative stress, ER stress, and inflammation in Type 2 diabetes: The battle continues. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 8(9): 1-22.
Chawla A, Chawla R, Jaggi S (2016). Microvascular and macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus: Distinct or continuum? Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 20(4): 546-551.
Dorostghoal M, Mahabadi M K, Adham S (2011). Effects of maternal caffeine consumption on ovarian follicle development in wistar rats offspring. Journal of Reproduction & Infertility, 12(1): 15–22.
Eissa H M (1996). Concentrations of steroids and biochemical constituents in follicular fluid of buffalo cows during different stages of the oestrous cycle. British Veterinary Journal, 152(5): 573–581.
Embryology,(2020) https://embryology.med.unsw.edu.au/embryology/index.php/ Estrous_Cycle
Furman B L (2015). Streptozotocin‐induced diabetic models in mice and rats. Current Protocols in Pharmacology, 70: 5.47.1-5.47.20.
Gougeon A. (1996). Regulation of Ovarian Follicular Development in Primates: Facts and Hypotheses. Endocrine Reviews, 17(2): 121–155.
Hirshfield A N (1991). Development of follicles in the mammalian ovary. International Review of Cytology, 124: 43–101.
Hu L.-L, Zhang K-Q, Tian T, Zhang H, Fu Q (2018). Probucol improves erectile function via Activation of Nrf2 and coordinates the HO-1 / DDAH / PPAR-γ/ eNOS pathways in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 507(1-4): 9–14.
IDF, (2020). https://diabetesatlas.org/en/
Jabeen F, Aziz F, Rizvi H (2017). Oxidative stress, antioxidant scavenging systems and diabetes mellitus: a concise review. International Journal of Advanced Research, 5(7): 2205–2216.
Jaouhari J, Lazrek H Jana M. (2000). The hypoglycemic activity of Zygophyllum gaetulum extracts in alloxan-induced hyperglycemic rats. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 69(1): 17–20.
Jung U, Choi M-S (2014). Obesity and its metabolic complications: the role of adipokines and the relationship between obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 15(4): 6184–6223.
Lipinski B (2001). Pathophysiology of oxidative stress in diabetes mellitus. Journal of Diabetes and Its Complications 15(4): 203–210.
Lunenfeld B and Insler, V. (1993). Follicular development and its control. Gynecological Endocrinology 7(4): 285–291.
Mat Roni S, Merga M K, Morris J E (2019). Analysis: Difference between groups. Conducting Quantitative Research in Education, (pp. 65–110). Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
McCulloh D H, Kutchukhidze, N, Charkviani T, Zhorzholadze T, Barbakadze T, Munné, S, Chkonia L (2020). Follicle size indicates oocyte maturity and blastocyst formation but not blastocyst euploidy following controlled ovarian hyperstimulation of oocyte donors. Human Reproduction, 35(3): 545–556.
Nandi, S, Girish Kumar V, Manjunatha B M, Ramesh H S, Gupta P S P (2008). Follicular fluid concentrations of glucose, lactate and pyruvate in buffalo and sheep, and their effects on cultured oocytes, granulosa and cumulus cells. Theriogenology, 69: 186–196.
Özdenoglu B, Unver Saraydin S (2016). Does Diabetes Alter Immunolocalization of Galectin-1 and Galectin-3 in the rat ovary? International Journal of Morphology, 34(2): 742–751.
Pradhan B C, Mahapatra B B (2016). Study of histopathological changes and carbohydrate metabolic profiles in diabetic ovarian tissue treated with aloe vera leaf gel extract in black rat (rattus rattus). World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 5: 1257-1273.
Ribeiro M C, Nakamura M U, de Tubino Scanavino M, Torloni M R, Mattar R. (2012). Female sexual function an8d gestational diabetes. The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 9(3): 786–792.
Richards J S, Fitzpatrick S L, Clemens J W, Morris J K, Alliston T, Sirois J (1995). Ovarian cell differentiation: a cascade of multiple hormones, cellular signals, and regulated genes. Recent Progress in Hormone Research, 50: 223–254.
Rosenfield R L, Ehrmann D A (2016). The pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): The hypothesis of PCOS as functional ovarian hyperandrogenism revisited. Endocrine Reviews, 37(5): 467–520.
Sakata N, Yoshimatsu G, Tsuchiya H, Egawa S, Unno M (2012). Animal models of diabetes mellitus for islet transplantation. Experimental Diabetes Research, 2012: 1–11.
Shima H, Naeem E, Hassan M, Hossein N (2011). Aloe vera gel protects ovarian structure in diabetic rat. American-Eurasian Journal of Toxicological Sciences, 3(3): 197-203.
Sighinolfi G, Sunkara S K, La Marca A (2018). New strategies of ovarian stimulation based on the concept of ovarian follicular waves: From conventional to random and double stimulation. Reproductive BioMedicine Online, 37(4):489–497.
Songsasen N, Nagashima J (2020). Intraovarian regulation of folliculogenesis in the dog: A review. Reproduction in Domestic Animals. In press. 55(2):66-73.
Stouffer R L, Hennebold J D (2015). Structure, function, and regulation of the Corpus Luteum. Knobil and Neill’s Physiology of Reproduction, 4th Eds; T. Plant & A. Zeleznik, Academic Press, USA, 1023–1076.
Uslu B, Dioguardi C C, Haynes M, Miao D.-Q, Kurus M, Hoffman G, Johnson J (2017). Quantifying growing versus non-growing ovarian follicles in the mouse. Journal of Ovarian Research, 10(1): 1-11.
Wu Z, McGoogan J M (2020). Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: Summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Journal of the American Medical Association, 24.February.2020, E1-E4.
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Published
2022-06-27
How to Cite
Ünver Saraydin, S., Özdenoglu Kutlu, B., & Saraydin, D. (2022). Influence of Diabetes on Morphometric Index of Ovarian Follicles in Streptozocin-Induced Rats. Medical Laboratory Technology Journal, 8(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.31964/mltj.v0i0.359
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